精品推荐—田黄，瓷器，古琴

徽府乐坊

田黄石（Field-yellow stone），简称“田黄”，产于福州市寿山乡寿山溪两旁之水稻田底下，呈黄色而得名。是寿山石品种中的珍品。广义的田黄石指“田坑石”，狭义的田黄石指田坑石中发黄色者。物理性质、工艺美术特征方面，田黄石与寿山石相近，已成为独立的印章石品种。

田黄石是寿山石系中的瑰宝，素有“万石中之王”尊号。其色泽温润可爱，肌理细密，自明清以来就被印人视为“印石之王”。数百年来田黄石极受藏家至爱，正如俗语所说：“黄金易得，田黄难求”。

早在一千多年前，我国已有人开始采集，到了明清两代田黄石更是盛名于世。许多达官显贵，文人雅士竞相刻意收集田黄石。相传清初时期皇帝祭天，神案上都少不了一方上品田黄石。因此，田黄石一直盛名不衰，身价倍增，曾有古话“一两田黄一两金”。

藏品介绍

中文名称：田黄冻印章

英文名称：Tian Huang jelly seal

类别：杂项

规格：一件

品相：美品（镶嵌宝石）

身为“印石三宝”之一的田黄石，呈现黄、白、红、黑等色，其中以黄色为最常见。具有珍珠光泽、玻璃光泽、油脂光泽，微透明至半透明，少数透明。硬度2.5，密度2.65-2.90克/厘米3。质地致密、细腻、温润、光洁。尤为引人注目的是其肌里隐约可见萝卜纹状细纹，颜色外浓而向内逐渐变淡，表面时而裹有黄色或灰黑色石皮，间有红色格纹。为田黄石所独有的外观特征，素有“无纹不成田”、“无皮不成田”、“无格不成田”之称。诚然，从其石质来说，仍以纯净为贵。

这件田黄印章篆书富贵合意四字，篆刻十分规整，底部可以看到明显的红筋，刀刻刻痕明显，是一件十分开门的老田黄印章。

此田黄印章实物更美，可以看到端面的红筋十分明显有如血丝一般美轮美奂，红黄相间，过渡自然，呈现微透明，有如果冻一般，是田黄中的极品田黄冻石，侧面刻有如意纹，镶嵌了三颗宝石，有如一个合字，顶端红宝石寓意着（红）鸿运当头，田黄石有寓意着‘（石）时来运转’，细看没有任何杂质，磕缺，损毁，败笔之处，是一件十分难得的馆藏级田黄。

青花瓷（blue and white porcelain），又称白地青花瓷，常简称青花，是中国瓷器的主流品种之一，属釉下彩瓷。青花瓷是用含氧化钴的钴矿为原料，在陶瓷坯体上描绘纹饰，再罩上一层透明釉，经高温还原焰一次烧成。钴料烧成后呈蓝色，具有着色力强、发色鲜艳、烧成率高、呈色稳定的特点。原始青花瓷于唐宋已见端倪，成熟的青花瓷则出现在元代景德镇的湖田窑。明代青花成为瓷器的主流。清康熙时发展到了顶峰。明清时期，还创烧了青花五彩、孔雀绿釉青花、豆青釉青花、青花红彩、黄地青花、哥釉青花等衍生品种。

【扁瓶】又称“扁壶”、“背壶”。是正视宽圆、侧视窄扁类瓶的统称。有方扁形、圆扁形、椭圆扁形、瓜子扁形、双鱼扁形等等。最早见于新石器时代屈家岭文化遗址出土器，商、周、秦、汉也有制作。瓷制扁瓶见于西晋，器形为直口，扁圆腹，扁圆形圈足，腹部印花。南北朝至隋唐器形变小，肩部有双系，扁腹印花。明代扁瓶多圆口微侈，长颈，腹部扁圆．椭圆形底足，这种造型是明永乐、宣德时期受外来影响而烧制的。清代有仿制品。

藏品介绍

中文名称：螭龙耳青花扁瓶

英文名称：Flat bottle with blue and white dragon-ears

类别：瓷器

规格：一件

品相：美品

螭是古代神话传说中的一种龙。螭龙寓意美好，吉祥，招财，也寓意男女的感情。《汉书·司马相如传上》：“于是蛟龙赤螭。”颜师古注：“文颖曰：‘龙子为螭。’张揖曰：‘赤螭，雌龙也。’如淳曰：‘蠄，山神也。’”《广雅》云：“有角曰虬，无角曰螭。”

这件青花扁瓶，四条螭龙为耳，且尾部呈卷云纹，是典型的汉代螭龙的做法，与下部青花画的如意纹相对应，寓意吉祥。

整个画面青花料吃进胎骨明显，出现了晕散现象，放大后可见青花周边的细微毛刺，这件扁壶所画的主题是火龙，三爪龙在元代是最常用的，清代几乎不用了，清代三爪就称为蟒了，头部会有明显的区别，这条龙纹，周边的火焰纹，表示是一条火龙，可是底部的纹饰虽然不是海水纹，当时一眼看去有如海水翻卷，形似海水纹，都说水火不容，这件瓷器可能暗示着一代君王处在水深火热之中，以此表达其心境，元青花为瓷器至宝，普通人只有在博物馆才有可能见到真品。

这张片主要表面了其规格，高23CM，口径7CM，肚长17CM宽7CM，底长14.5CM宽6CM，青花瓷是最能表现我国泼墨山水画意境的瓷器，而元青花又是青花瓷的巅峰时期，其经济价值与五大名窑不相上下。这件青花扁瓶，没有磕缺，穿线，品相十分完美，属于难得的馆藏级瓷器。

古琴，又称瑶琴、玉琴、七弦琴，是中国传统拨弦乐器，有三千年以上历史，属于八音中的丝。古琴音域宽广，音色深沉，余音悠远 。

古籍记载伏羲作琴 ，又有神农作琴、黄帝造琴、唐尧造琴等传说； 舜定琴为五弦 ，文王增一弦，武王伐纣又增一弦为七弦 ；可见中华古琴文化的源远流长，博大精深。

琴曲存世3360多首，琴谱130多部，琴歌300首。2003年11月7日，联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会宣布，中国古琴被选为世界文化遗产。2006年被列入中国非物质文化遗产名录 。

藏品介绍

中文名称：犀皮漆古文七弦琴

英文名称：Rhinoceros leather ancient Chinese lyre

类别：杂项

规格：一件

品相：美品

古籍记载琴的创制与中华文明之初的帝王有关，《琴操》载：“伏羲作琴。” 《琴当序》中记载：“伏羲之琴，一弦，长七尺二寸。” 《礼记》记载“舜作五弦之琴，以歌南风”。 汉代桓谭《新论》中记载：“神农之琴，以纯丝做弦，刻桐木为琴。至五帝时，始改为八尺六寸。虞舜改为五弦，文王武王改为七弦。

一般古琴的雁足都为木质的，而这件古琴采用的上好的和田青玉制作，表面木刻书法，美妙绝伦，为古琴上品，具有极高的收藏价值。

犀皮漆，变涂，又称犀皮、西皮、虎皮漆、波罗漆，此技法起于唐朝，在宋朝时十分流行，制作出的图案取决于表面起皱和点纹高低起伏的变化。

制作方法

做法是以65%的生漆和蛋清乳合调成厚漆，在以工具为引起料，趁漆器半干时制造凹凸表面，待干后再用不同色漆分层髹涂并加以研磨，由于漆层高低不 同，打磨后可显现不同的花纹，产生绚丽色泽。由于多用赤、黄、黑三色填入，纹理常似犀牛皮、虎皮，所以又常被称作“犀皮”或“虎皮漆”。

犀皮漆技艺制作工艺流程：割漆、榨漆、制模、调漆灰、刷漆、批灰、裱布（不断重复以上三步）、脱模、胎骨反复批灰和打磨、髹涂、打埝、髹色漆、贴金、髹色漆、打磨。

可以看到犀皮漆美轮美奂，纹理胜过金丝楠，黄花梨，木刻落款：乾隆壬戌御赏并题，古代讲究，琴棋书画，以琴为首，这件古琴类似的在2010年北京保利拍卖价格过亿，是十大天价古琴之首，名为松石间意，且落款和时间与此琴一致。

这几件藏品，件件都为巅峰之作，收藏家玩到一个巅峰的境界，追求的就是这种至宝，可谓是千金易得，一宝难求。

英文翻译：Field-yellow Stone (Field-yellow Stone), referred to as "Tian Huang", is produced in The Shoushan Town of Fuzhou Shoushan Creek on both sides of the paddy fields, yellow and named. Shoushan stone varieties in the treasure. The broad sense of tian Huang shi refers to "tian Keng Shi", the narrow sense of tian Huang Shi refers to the yellow in tian Keng Shi. In terms of physical properties and arts and crafts characteristics, Tianhuang stone is close to Shoushan stone and has become an independent seal stone variety.

Tian Huang Shi is the treasure of shoushan stone system, known as the "king of all stones" title. Since Ming and Qing Dynasties, it has been regarded as the "King of yinshi" by the Indians. For hundreds of years, Tian Huangshi is very beloved by collectors, as the saying goes: "gold is easy to get, tian Huang is hard to find."

As early as more than one thousand years ago, our country has begun to collect, to the Ming and Qing dynasties tian Huang Shi is famous in the world. Many dignitaries, scholars and scholars compete to collect Tian-Shi deliberately. Legend has it that emperor worship in the early Qing Dynasty, god on the case of not one of the top tianhuangshi. Therefore, Tian Huangshi has been famous, the value of multiplication, there was an old saying "one or two fields of gold".

The collection is introduced

Chinese name: Tian Huang Jelly seal

Tian Huang Jelly Seal

Category: Miscellaneous

Specification: one piece

Appearance: Beautiful (inlaid gemstones)

As one of the "three treasures of stone printing", Tian Huang shi appears yellow, white, red, black and other colors, among which yellow is the most common. With pearl luster, glass luster, oil luster, micro - transparent to translucent, a few transparent. Hardness 2.5, density 2.65-2.90 g/cm 3. The texture is dense, delicate, warm and smooth. Especially striking is the radish veins faintly visible in its muscle, the color of thick and gradually faded inward, sometimes covered with yellow or gray black stone skin, between red lattice. For the unique appearance of Tian Huang shi, known as "no grain into the field", "no skin into the field", "no case into the field" said. Indeed, its stone is still precious because it is pure.

The four characters of Tian Huang seal are rich and satisfactory. The seal cutting is very regular, with obvious red tendons on the bottom and marked marks on the knife. It is a very open seal of Lao Tian Huang.

Physical titles this seal is more beautiful, you can see the red bar end is very obvious as beautiful as blood, red and yellow, natural transition and slightly transparent, like a jelly man, are the ultimate in tian tian stone cold, side engraved with the best lines, and set up three gem, as a cooperative, the significance of the ruby at the top (red) luck, field-yellow stone has the significance of 'fortunes (stone), scan without any impurities, ke is missing, damaged, failure, tian is a very rare collection level.

Blue and white porcelain, also known as white blue and white porcelain, is often referred to as blue and white porcelain. It is one of the mainstream varieties of Chinese porcelain, and belongs to underglaze color porcelain. Blue and white porcelain is made of cobalt ore containing cobalt oxide as raw material, which is decorated on the ceramic body and then covered with a layer of transparent glaze. Cobalt material is blue after burning, with strong coloring, bright hair color, high burning rate and color stability. The original blue and white porcelain appeared in Tang and Song dynasties, while the mature blue and white porcelain appeared in Hutian kiln of Jingdezhen in Yuan Dynasty. The blue and white of Ming Dynasty became the mainstream of porcelain. It reached its peak during the Kangxi period of qing Dynasty. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it also created blue-and-white colorful, malachite-green glaze blue-and-white, soya-green glaze blue-and-white, blue-and-white red, yellow-ground blue-and-white, blue-and-white and other derivative varieties.

【 Flat bottle 】 also called "flat pot", "back pot". It is a general term of wide circle facing and narrow flat side looking bottle. Square flat, round flat, oval flat, melon seeds flat, Pisces flat and so on. It was first found in the Qujialing cultural relics of the Neolithic Age. It was also made in The Shang, Zhou, Qin and Han dynasties. Porcelain flat bottle was found in the Western Jin Dynasty, with straight mouth, flat round belly, flat round foot, and printed abdomen. From the Northern and Southern Dynasties to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the shape of the smaller, double shoulder, flat belly printing. Ming Dynasty flat bottle multi - round mouth micro - waste, long neck, flat abdomen. Oval foot, this shape is the Ming Yongle, Xuande period by external influence and fired. There were imitations in the Qing Dynasty.

The collection is introduced

Chinese name: Flat bottle of blue and white dragon ear

Flat Bottle with Blue and White Dragon-Ears

Category: Porcelain

Specification: one piece

Appearance: Beautiful

Li is a dragon in ancient mythology. Li dragon implied beauty, good luck, wealth, also implied feelings of men and women. In the Book of the Han Dynasty, The Legend of Sima Xiangru: "Then dragons are red chi." Yan Shigu remarked, "Wen Ying said, 'The dragon is chi. Zhang Yi said, "Red chi, female. "Such as chun yue:" 蠄, mountain god also. "In The Book Guang Ya," Every day is qiu qiu with horns, and chi chi without them."

This flat bottle of blue and white flowers has four li dragons for ears, and the tail is of rolled cloud pattern. It is a typical practice of Li dragon in the Han Dynasty. It corresponds to the wishful pattern in the lower part of the blue and white paintings, and implies good luck.

Blue and white material for the whole picture into fetal bone is apparent, the dizzy phenomenon, enlarged visible tiny hairs surrounding the blue and white, this is the theme of the flat pot painted dragon, dragon in the yuan dynasty is the most commonly used three jaw, almost no in the qing dynasty, the qing dynasty three jaw is called the python, the head will have obvious differences, the dragon grain, around the fire lines, is a dragon, but grain though not at the bottom of the sea water lines, and a glance at that time is like water, twisting, shaped like a sea water lines, all say incompatible, the porcelain may imply a generation of king in hot water in, to express the mood, yuan blue and white for porcelain treasure, Only in museums can ordinary people see the real thing.

This piece is mainly made up of its specifications, with a height of 23CM, a diameter of 7CM, a belly length of 17CM, a width of 7CM, and a bottom length of 14.5cm, a width of 6CM. Blue and white porcelain is the most able to express the artistic conception of Chinese splash ink landscape painting. This flat vase with blue and white decoration is not broken. It is perfect in appearance and belongs to rare collection-grade porcelain.

Guqin, also known as Yao Qin, Yu qin and veena qin, is a traditional Chinese plucked string instrument with a history of more than three thousand years and belongs to the silk among the eight tones. Guqin has a broad range, deep timbre and a long aftersound.

It is recorded in ancient books that Fu Xi made the qin, and there are legends about Shen Nong making the qin, Huang Di making the qin, Tang Yao making the qin, etc. Shun ding had five strings, King Wen had one more string, and King Wu had one more string when he attacked King Zhou. It can be seen that the Chinese guqin culture has a long history, extensive and profound.

There are more than 3,360 pieces of music, 130 pieces of music and 300 pieces of music. On November 7, 2003, the UNESCO World Heritage Committee announced that the Chinese guqin was selected as a World Heritage Site. In 2006, it was included in China's intangible cultural Heritage list.

The collection is introduced

Chinese name: Rhinoceros leather lacquer ancient Chinese lyre

Rhinoceros leather ancient Chinese Lyre

Category: Miscellaneous

Specification: one piece

Appearance: Beautiful

It is recorded in ancient books that the creation of the qin is related to the emperors at the beginning of Chinese civilization. It is recorded in the Book "A Preface to a Qin" that "The qin of Fuxi, with one string, is seven feet two inches long." "The Book of Rites" records that "shun as a five-stringed harp, song south wind". Huan Tan in the Han Dynasty "New Theory" records: "Shen Nong's harp, with pure silk as the string, carved tung wood as the piano. By the time of the Five emperors, it was changed to eight feet and six inches. Yu Shun was changed to five strings, and King Wen and King Wu to seven strings.

Generally, the wild goose of guqin is made of wood, while this guqin is made of excellent Hetian qingyu with woodcut calligraphy on the surface. It is the best guqin and has high collection value.

Rhinoceros skin paint, changtu, also known as rhinoceros skin, xipi, tiger skin paint, polo paint, this technique started in the Tang Dynasty, in the Song Dynasty is very popular, the production of patterns depends on the surface wrinkle and dot ups and downs of the change.

Production methods

Practice is 65% of the raw paint and egg white milk mixed into thick paint, in the tool as the cause of material, while the lacquer ware semi-dry manufacturing concave and convex surface, to dry after the re-use of different color paint layer xiu tu and grind, because the paint layer is different, grinding can show different patterns, produce brilliant color. As a result of multi-use red, yellow, black filling, texture often like rhinoceros skin, tiger skin, so often called "rhinoceros skin" or "tiger skin paint."

The technological process of Rhinocertification paint is as follows: paint cutting, paint pressing, mold making, paint blending, paint brushing, ash batch, mounting (repeat the above three steps repeatedly), mold stripping, recurring ash batch and grinding of foetus bone, re painting, re painting, re painting, re painting, re painting of color paint, re painting of gold, re painting of color and grinding.

Can see rhinoceros leather paint beautiful round of beautiful huan, the texture is better than gold nan, chrysanthemum pear, woodcut inscribe: qianlong nonyl royal reward and the topic of the ancient exquisite, unique romance, headed by a harp, the guqin similar in Beijing poly auction price is $2010, is the first of ten day price guqin, called a hoard of meaning, and inscribe and time in accordance with the instrument.

These several pieces of collection, each piece is the peak, the collector plays to a peak state, the pursuit is this kind of treasure, it can be said is a thousand gold easy to get, a treasure is hard to find.